THE
MOTHER TONGUE.
More than 300 million people in the world speak
English and the rest, it sometimes seems, try to. It would be charitable to say that the results are sometimes mixed.
Any language where the unassuming word fly signifies
an annoying insect, a means of travel, and a critical part of a gentleman's
apparel is clearly asking to be mangled. In other languages, questions of
familiarity can become even more agonizing. A Korean has to choose between one
of six verb suffixes to accord with the status of the person addressed.
THE DAWN
OF LANGUAGE.
There are any number of theories to account for how
language began. The theories have names that seem almost to be begging
ridicule—the Bow-Wow theory, the Ding-Dong theory, the Pooh- Pooh theory, the
Yo-He-Ho theory—and they are generally based in one way or another on the supposition
that languages come ultimately from spontaneous utterances of
al arm, joy, pain, and so on, or that they are somehow imitative , onomatopoeic
of sounds in the real world.
The presumption was that our minds at birth were
blanlk slates onto which the rules and quirks of our native languages were
written. But then other authorities, notably Noam Chomsky of the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, began to challenge this view, arguing that some
structural facets of language
GLOBAL
LANGUAGE.
In all languages pronunciation is of course largely a
matter of familiarity mingled with prejudice. The average English speaker
confronted with agglomerations of letters like tchst, sthm, and
tchph would
naturally conclude that they were pretty well unpronounceable.
English also has a distinctive capacity to extract
maximum work from a word by making it do double duty as both noun and verb.
English also has a commendable tendency toward
conciseness, in contrast to many languages.All languages have the same purpose
to communicate thoughts and yet they achieve this single aim in a multiplicity
of ways. It appears there is no feature of grammar or syntax that is
indispensable or universal.
THE
FIRST THOUSAND YEARS.
The Saxons and Jutes, began a long exodus to Britain.
It was not so much an invasion as a series of opportunistic encroachments
taking place over several generations. The tribes settled in different parts of
Britain, each bringing its own variations in speech, some of which persist in
Britain to this day—and may even have been carried onward to America centuries
later.